Contour forming apparatus



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March 29, 1960 N. HOGLUND 0 3 CONTOUR FORMING APPARATUS 7 Filed Nov. 25,1957 11 She'ts-Sheet 11 INVENTOR. NILS HEIELUND United States PatentCONTOUR FDRMING APPARATUS Nils Hoglund, Summit, NJ.

Application November 25, 1957, Serial No. 698,651

A 14 Claims. (Cl. 12'511) My invention relates to contour formingapparatus, more particularly to grinding wheel dressing apparatus, andone which is particularly useful with vertical grinders.

It is desirable to be able to mount a dressing mechanism directly on thegrinding wheel apparatus and leave it in place during grindingoperations. This poses the problem of retracting the dressing mechanismduring the grinding operations.

Many grinding wheel profiles or contours require accuracies of .0001",steep aswell as horizontal angles and in any profile large enough for adiamond to enter.

It is also desirable to have a dressing apparatus in which the dressingtool or diamond can be moved in toward the wheel being dressed, withoutmoving the entire dresser mechanism including the housing and enclosedslides.

It'is also desirable to have manual or automatic infeeding of thedresser tool by small increments prior to and while the wheel is beingdressed and to compensate for wheel wear between dressing operations.Automatic infeeding results in higher production. v

It is an object of my invention to provide a grinding wheel dressingapparatus which can be mounted directly on the grinding wheel apparatusand yet be quickly and easily retracted automatically during grindingwheel operations.

Another object of my invention is to provide such an apparatus which isextremely accurate and which is capable of forming and dressing complexcontours.

A further object of my invention is to provide such an apparatus inwhich only the dressing tool needs to be fed in toward the axis of thewheel being dressed without also requiring the housing to be so moved.

A still further object of my invention is to provide such an apparatusin which the infeeding of the dresser tool can be done automatically ormanually to dress the grinding wheel and to compensate for grindingwheel wear.

To accomplish the above objects a dresser made according to my inventionis provided with a base which can be attached to a grinding wheelapparatus. This base is provided with an inner or sub-slide carrying acam follower, the slide being attached to a hydraulically operatedpiston to move the slide. The housing carrying the dressing tool toslidably mounted on the base for movement parallel to the axis of thewheel being dressed. Mounted within the housing are the various slidesfor controlling movement of the housing and of the dressing tool. Thefollower in the sub-slide is in contact With a feed cam on the mainslide in the housing so that upon movement of the sub-slide the entirehousing can be moved. Also, in accordance with my invention, atoolcarrying slide mechanism is mounted at one end of the housing and iscapable of moving radially of the wheel being dressed without movementof the housing and its other slides. The tool slide mechanism comprisesa pair of slides one of which carries the dressing tool. The

2,930,312 Patented Mar. 29, 1960 other slide is coupled to the toolslide by means of a feed screw arrangement which is operated by a pawland ratchet mechanism for causing infeed of the dressing tool by smallincrements for each pass of the tool across the grinding wheel beingdressed. The other slides within the housing include the main slidecarrying the feed cam and contour cam and the contour slide supportingfollowers connecting the contour cam and a ratio camon one of the toolslides. causes movement of the housing relative to the base, andmovement of the contour slide which controls movement of a pair ofslides to which the dressing tool is attached.

The invention is described in greater detail in connection with theaccompanying sheets of drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 is a side elevation in perspective of an apparatus madeaccording to my invention;

Figure 2 is anopposite side elevation of Fig. l with one of the coversremoved to show details of the main' slide, contour cam and contourslide;

Figures 3a, 3b and 3c is a front elevation with covers removed to showdetails of construction;

Figures 4a, 4b and 40 show a section taken along the line 4-4 of Figures3a, 3b and 3c; with the bottom cover removed; 1

Figures 5a and 5b show a section taken along the line 5-5 of Figures 4band 4c;

Figures 6a and 6b are a section looking up along the line 6-6 of Figure4a;

Figure 7 is a section taken along the line 7-7 of Figure 6a;

. Figure 8 is a section taken along the line 8-8 of Figure 6a; and

' Figure 9 is a schematic showing the dressing tool and grinding wheelin dressing relationship. 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION Referring to Figures 1and 2, apparatus made according to my invention includes a'base 20 whichcan be' attached to the grinding apparatus adjacent the grinding turn,controls a dressing tool which is moved transversely of the movement ofthe housing. 'These two movements determine the path of travel of thedressing tool across the surface of the grinding wheel.

The housing 21 is provided with a lower portion 21' having a cover 21".Slidably mounted in this portion of the housing is the contour slide 26which cooperates with the contour cam 25 in a manner to be described forcontrolling the movement of the dressing tool assern-- bly (not shown-,in Figures 1 and 2) slidably mounted in the lower housing 27. The toolslide assembly moves transversely of the housing 21, 21, 27.

Mounted within the lower housing is a pair of slides to be described,one of which carries the tool support assembly 28, and the infeedmechanism assembly 29 to be described. 3

Briefly, in operation, when hydraulically operated pi'ston 24 isactuated, it causes the slide 23 to move {back' and forth within thehousing 21. The feed cam controls movement of the housing up and down tofeed the dressing tool parallel to the axis of the wheel being dressed.At the same time the contour slide 26 connected to contour cam 25through mechanism to "be described causes the tool :slide assembly tomove Movement of the main slide 3 radially of the grinding wheel axis.Thus, the dressing tool follows a contour which is formed on thegrinding wheel surface.

HOUSING AND BASE ASSEMBLIES (Figs. 3a, b, c, 4b, c, and 5a, 5b)

Mounted on and within the base are means for initially positioning thehousing 21 and for moving the housing bodily to retract the dressingtool when the grinding apparatus is in operation.

The base 20 has slidably mounted therein the stop slide which can bepositioned by means of the adjusting screw 36 rotatably mounted in thebase 20. This slide carries switch 37 which is used to electricallycontrol the source of fluid under pressure for operating thehydraulically energized cylinder 38 mounted on base 20. Slidably mountedon the base 20 by means of bearing assemblies 39 and 39 is the sub slide39 carrying the feed cam follower 40. Slide 39 is connected to thecylinder 38 by means of bracket 41 and piston rod 42, the bracketcarrying the tripper 43 for operating switch 37. It will be seen thatadjustment of screw 36 and slide 35 determines the limit of the downwardmovement of sub slide 39 and that operation of cylinder 38 and pistonwill cause movement of the slide 39 away from and toward the stop slide35. It will become clear that this arrangement controls the position ofthe housing initially and at other times as well.

The housing 21, 21' is provided with covers 22 and 22' and is slidablymounted on the base 20 by means of bearing assemblies 30 and 30' and isprovided with counter balancing springs 45. The main slide 23 slidablymounted in bearing assemblies 46 and 47 carries the contour cam 25 andthe feed cam 48. The cam 48 and the follower 40 are maintained incontact by. the

weight of the housing and its assemblies, the counter balancing springsneutralizing some of the effective force between cam 48 and follower 40.

The piston 24 is connected to slide 23 by means of the bracket 50 andpiston rod 51. Mounted on the slide 23 are the dogs 52, 53 for operatingmicro switches 54 and 55 to electrically control the limit of movementof slide 23 by controlling the solenoids (not shown) for operating thevalves (not shown) which in turn control the flow of fluid underpressure to the cylinder 24. As the slide 23 is moved back and forth,the housing and all assemblies therein move up and down sincefeed cam 48is of triangular shape; and follower 40 is in effect stationary on base20 during dressing operations.

TOOL SLIDE ASSEMBLIES (Figs. 2, 3a, b and 0, 4a, b and c, 6 and 7') Aspointed out above, the tool' slide assemblies are mounted within thelower housing 27 and have transverse movement relative to the movementof the housing 21, 21'.

Means are provided for feeding the tool across the wheel to be dressedand then after each pass to feed the tool in by a small increment forthe next pass. This is accomplished by means of a pair of slides one ofwhich is connected to and operated by the contour cam on the main slide.The other slide operatively connected to the one slide has additionalmechanism for accomplishing the step by step infeed.

Slidably mounted within the lower housing 27 are the slides and 61mounted in the ball bearing assemblies 62, 63 and 64, 65; The ratio camslide 60,. carries the triangularly shaped ratio cam 66 and slide 61carries, the. dressing tool 67 by means of bracket 68.

The infeed mechanism 29 is mounted on slide 60 by means of bracket 70.Slides 60 and 61 are positively coupled together by means of infeedscrew 71 received within thejrecess 61' of the slide 61, carried by.bracket 7.0 and screw receiving member 72 carried by and fastencd toslide 61. Nut 71' and spring 71" keep screw 71 and member 72 in closecontact to prevent backlash. Thus, if slide 60 is moved, slide 61 mustmove with slide 60. It is also apparent that if screw 71 is rotatedthere will be relative movement between slides 60 and 61 so that ifslide 60 is moved the cut of the dressing tool for each pass of the tool67 would be varied. Boots 73 and 74 are provided to protect the slidesfrom dust.

CONTOUR CONTROL (Figures 3a, b and c, 4a and 12, 6a and b) As thehousing 21 is moved up and down (the ap paratus need not necessarily beso positioned) to move the tool 67 across the face being dressed, thetool must be moved in and out relative to the wheel surface beingdressed to obtain the proper contour.

Slidably mounted within the housing 21 is the contour slide 26 slidablysupported in ball bearing assemblies and 81. Mounted at the upper end ofthe slide 26 is the follower 82 contacting the contour cam 25. The cam25 and follower 82 are urged into contact by biasing spring 83 connectedbetween housing 21 and slide 26. At the lower end of slide 26 issupported the cam follower 84 which is in contact with the ratio cam 66.The loading or biasing spring 85 connected between slide 60 and housing27 maintains ratio cam 66 and follower 84 in contact. As slide 26 movesdown, slides 60 and 61 will move to the right (Figs. 4a and 4b) sincecam 66 is triangularly shaped, that is, the tool 67 moves into thesurface of the grinding wheel.

INFEED INDEXING MECHANISM (Figs. 4a, 6a and b, and 8) I provide meansfor automatically feeding in the dressing tool as the contour in thegrinding wheel is formed. This can be done manually as well asautomatically. The feed screw 71 is provided with a shank rotatablysupported in the bracket 7 0 mounted on slide 60. The outer end isprovided with a square head 91 to which and adjusting handle 92 can beattached for manual adjustment.

Other means are provided for automatic infeed. On shank 90 attachedthereto is the ratchet 93. A slide 94 has mounted thereon a pawl 95operated by hydraulically energized piston 96 connected to slide 94 bymeans of piston rod 97. This piston is electrically controlled bycircuits not shown to rotate screw 71 and advance.

slide 61 a predetermined distance after each pass.

Having described my-invention, what is claimed is: 1. Apparatus forforming and dressing contours on a grinding wheel including a base, ahousing slidably mounted on said base and having movement in onedirection, a pair of slides mounted in said housing adjacent each otherandhaving parallel and relative movement with respect to each other, adressing tool mounted on one of said pair of slides, one of said slidesrotatably supporting an adjusting screw, connections between said screwand the other of said slides whereby rotation of said screw causesrelative movement of said slides, means supported within said housingand connected to one of said slides for causing simultaneous movement ofsaid pair of slides, indexing means carried by said housing andconnected to said screw, and means for operating said indexing means tocause step-by-step relative movement between said pair of slides toadvance said tool, hydraulically operated means within said housing andconnected to said base and to said pair of slides for causing movementof said housing in said one direction and simul: taneous movementof'said slides, and means on said base and connected to said housing formoving said housing independently of themeans within said. housing andwith...

'out causing movement of said pair of slides relative to said housing. y

2. Apparatus forforming and dressing contours on a grinding wheelincluding a base, a housing slidably mounted on said base and havingmovement in one direction, a pair of slides mounted in said housingadjacent each other and having parallel and relative movement withrespect to each other and transversely of said hOUS',

ing, a dressing tool mounted on one of said slides, a feed 'mountedon-said base for movement in one direction,

afollower on said base, a pair of slides mounted on said housing andmovable parallel to each other and transversely of the movement of saidhousing, a dressing tool mounted on one of said slides, means connectedbetween said slides for causing relative movement of said slides, saidmeans including a feed screw rotatably mounted on one of said pair ofslides and an internally threaded means mounted on the other of saidpair of slides and receiving one end of said feed screw, and indexingmeans for causing relative movement of said pair of slides insteps ofsmall dimensions for advancing said tool, saidy-indexing means includinga ratchet con-' nected to said feed screw and a pawl connected thereto,and means for operating said pawl, slide means in said housing andconnected between said pair of slides and said follower, and meansconnected to said slide means within said housing for causing movementof said housing in said one direction and said pair of slidestransversely thereof.

'4, Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on a grinding wheelincluding a base, a sub slide on said base movable along one path, ahousing slidably mounted on said base for movement along said one path,connections between said sub slide and said housing for moving saidhousing upon movement of said sub slide, a pair of slides mounted onsaid housing and movable parallel to each other, a dressing tool mountedon one of said slides, means connected between said slides for causingrelative movement of said slides, said means including a feed screwrotatably mounted on one of said pair of slides and a non-rotatable nutmounted on the other of said pair of, slides and receiving one end ofsaid feed. screw, and indexing means connected to said last means forcausing relative movement of said pair of slides in steps of smalldimensions for advancing said dressing tool, said indexing meansincluding a ratchet connected to said feed screw and a pawl'connectedthereto, and autoniatic means for operating said pawl; slide meansinsaid housing and connected between said pair of slides and said subslide, and means connected to said slide means for causing movement ofsaid housing and said pair of slides while said sub slide remainsstationary.

5. Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on a grinding wheelincluding a base, a sub slide on said base, a housing slidably mountedon said base for movement in one direction, connections between said subslide and said housing for moving said housing upon movement of said subslide, a pair of slides mounted on said housing and movable parallel toeach other and transversely of the movement of said housing, a dressingtool mounted on one of said slides, means connected between said slidesfor causing relative movement of said slides, and indexing meansconnected to said last means for causing '6 relative movement of saidpair of slides for advancing said dressing tool, slide means in saidhousing connected between said pair of slides and said sub slide, andmeans connected to said slide means within said housing for causingmovement of said housing and said pair of slides.

6. Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on a grinding-wheelincluding a base, a housing slidably mounted on said base for movementin one direction, a pair of slides mounted on said housing and movableparallel to each other and transversely of said housing, a dressing toolmounted on one of said slides, means connected between said slides, forcausing relative movement of said slides, and indexing means connectedto said last means for causing relative movement of said pair of slidesin steps of small dimensions, slide means inv said housing and connectedto said pair of slides, means on said base and connected to said slidemeans in said housing to control the movement of said housing, and meansconnected to said slide means for causing movement of said housing andsaid pair of slides.

7. Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on main slide, a pair ofslides mounted in and movable able transversely of the movement of saidhousing, a feed 1 transversely of the movement of said housing, adressing tool mounted on one of said slides, a ratio cam mounted on oneof said pair of slides, a rotatable feed screw supportedon one of saidpair of slides, means on the other of said pair of slides for receivingsaid feed screwand means for rotating said feed screw to cause relativemovement of said pair of slides to advance said tool,

a ratio slide in said housing, said ratio slide having followers at theends thereof, one of said last followers contacting said contour cam andthe other of said followers contacting said ratio cam for controllingsimultaneous movement of said pair of slides, means for moving said mainslide to move said housing in said one direction andsaid pair of slidestransversely thereto.

8."Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on grinding wheelsincluding a base, a sub-slide on said base, a follower ;on said subslide, hydraulically operated means connected to said sub slide to movethe same along said base, a housing slidably mounted on said base andmovable in one direction, a main slide in said housing movc'am on oneside of said main slide and contacting said follower, a contour cam onthe other side of said main slide, said housing having a portion at oneend extending transversely of the housing, a pair of slides in saidportion movable transversely of the movement of said housing, a dressingtool mounted on one of said slides, a ratio cam mounted on one of saidpair of slides, a rotatable adjusting screw supported on one of saidpair of slides and a non-rotatable receiving member on the other of saidpair of slides, said screw being received Within said receiving member,means for rotating said screw by small increments to cause relativemovement of said pair of slides to advance said tool, a ratio slide insaid housing, said ratio slide having followers at the ends thereof, oneof said last followers contacting said contour cam and the other of saidfollowers contacting said ratio cam, and hydraulically operated meansfor moving said main slide to move said housing in said one directionand said pair of slides transversely thereto.

9. Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on a grinding wheelincluding a base, a housing slidably mounted on said base for movementin one direction, a pair of slides mounted on said housing and movableparallel to each other and transversely of said housing, a dressing toolmounted on one of said slides, means connected between said slides forcausing relative movement of said slides, slide means in said housingand connected to said pair of slides, means on said base and connectedto said slide means in said housing to control the movemcnt of saidhousing, and means connected to said slide means for causing movement ofsaid housing and said pair of slides. V p

10. Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on a grinding wheelincluding a base, a housing slidably mounted on said base and havingmovement in one direction, a pair of slides mounted in said housingadjacent eachother and having parallel and relative movement withrespect to each other, a dressing tool mounted on one of said pair ofslides, one of said slides rotatably supporting an adjusting screw,connections between said screw and the other of said slides wherebyrotation of said screw causes relative movement of said slides, meanssupported within said housing and connected to one of said slides forcausing simultaneous movement of said pair of slides, hydraulicallyoperated means on said housing and connected to said base and to saidpair of slides for causing movement of said housing in saidone directionand simultaneous movement of said slides, and means on said base andconnected to said housing for moving said housing independently of'themeans within said housing and without causing movement of said pair ofslides relative to said housing.

11. Apparatus for forming contours on a grinding wheel including a base,a sub slide on said base having a follower, a housing slidably mountedon said base and having movement in one direction, a pair of slidesmounted in said housing adjacent each vother and having parallel andrelative movement with .respect to each other, a dressing tool mountedon one of said pair of slides, one of said pair of slides rotatablysupporting an adjusting screw, connections hetweensaid screw and theother of said pair of slides whereby rotation of said screw causesrelative movement of said pair of slides, means supported within saidhousing including a main slide having cams thereon and connected to oneof said pair of slides for causing simultaneous movement of said slides,said follower contacting one of said cams, indexing.

means carried by said housing and connected to said screw, and means foroperating said indexing means to cause step-by-step relative movementbetween said pair of slides to advance said tool, hydraulically operatedmeans connected to said main slide for causing movement of said housingin said one direction and simultaneous movement of said slides, andmeans connected to said sub slide for moving said housing independentlyof the means within said housing and without causing movement of saidpair of slides relative to said housing.

12. Apparatus for forming contours on grinding wheels including a base,a sub slide on said base, a follower on said sub slide, hydraulicallyoperated means connected to said sub slide to move the same along saidbase, a housing slidably mounted on said base and movable in onedirection, a main slide in said housing movable transversely of themovement of said housing, a feed cam on one side of said main slide andcontacting said follower,

a contour cam on the other side of said main slide, said housing havinga portion at one end extending transversely of the housing, a pair ofslides in said portion movable transversely of the movement of saidhousing, a dressing tool mounted on one of said slides, a ratio cammounted on one of said pair of slides, a rotatable adjusting screwsupported on said one of said pair of slides, and connections betweenthe other of said slides and said screw and means for rotating saidscrew by small increments to cause relative movement of said pair ofslides to advance said tool, a ratio slide in said housing, said ratioslide having followers at the ends thereof, one of said last followerscontacting said contour cam and the other of said followers contactingsaid ratio cam, and hydraulically operated means for moving said mainslide to move said housing in said one direction and said pair of slidessimultaneously transversely thereto, dogs on said main slide, and limitcontrol switches mounted adjacent said main slide and positioned to beoperated by said dogs.

13. Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on a grinding wheelincluding a base, a housing slidably mounted on said base and havingmovement in one direction, a pair of slides mounted in said housingadjacent each other and having parallel and relative movement withrespect to each other, a dressing tool mounted on one of said pair ofslides, one of said slides rotatably supporting an adjusting screw,connections between said screw and the other of said slides wherebyrotation of said screw causes relative movement of said slides, means 1supported within said housing and connected to one of said slides forcausing simultaneous movement of said pair of slides, means mounted onsaid housing and connected to said means within the housing for causingmovement of said housing in said one direction and simultaneous movementof said slides, and means on said base and connected to said housing formoving said housing independently of the means within said housing andwithout causing movement of said pair of slides relative to saidhousing. a

14. Apparatus for forming and dressing contours on a grinding wheelincluding a base, a housing slidably mounted on said base and havingmovement in one direction, a pair of slides mounted in said housingadjacent each other and having parallel and relative movement withrespect to each other, a dressing tool mounted on one of said slides,one of said pair of slides rotatably supporting an adjusting screw,connections between said screw and the other of said pair of slideswhereby rotation of said screw causes relative movement of said slides,means supported within said housing and connected to one of said pair ofslides for causing simultaneous movement of said slides, said meanswithin said housing supporting a feed cam, and a follower on said basecontacting said feed cam for controlling movement of said housing andslides.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS2,190,132 Alvord Feb. 13, 1940

